NURS6740N Principles and Practice of Oncology I: Understanding Cancer and its Treatment

Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. It is a major public health concern worldwide, with millions of people being diagnosed with the disease each year. NURS6740N Principles and Practice of Oncology I is a course that provides an in-depth understanding of cancer and its treatment. In this article, we will explore the key concepts covered in the course, including the etiology and epidemiology of cancer, the various types of cancer, and the principles of cancer treatment.

Introduction to Cancer

Understanding Cancer Cells

Cancer cells are abnormal cells that grow and divide uncontrollably. Unlike normal cells, they do not die off when they are no longer needed, and they do not respond to signals that tell them to stop growing. As they continue to divide, they form a mass of abnormal tissue called a tumor.

Etiology and Epidemiology of Cancer

Cancer can develop as a result of various factors, including genetic mutations, environmental factors, and lifestyle factors. Some of the most common risk factors for cancer include smoking, exposure to radiation, and a diet high in processed foods and saturated fats. The incidence of cancer varies by geographical region, age, and gender.

Types of Cancer

Solid Tumors vs. Hematologic Malignancies

Cancer can be classified into two broad categories: solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Solid tumors are tumors that grow in a specific part of the body, while hematologic malignancies are cancers of the blood and bone marrow.

Common Types of Cancer

There are many different types of cancer, each with its own unique set of symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options. Some of the most common types of cancer include breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and colorectal cancer.

Principles of Cancer Treatment

Surgery, Radiation Therapy, and Chemotherapy

The three primary methods of cancer treatment are surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Surgery involves removing the tumor and surrounding tissue, while radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy involves using drugs to kill cancer cells.

Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in immunotherapy and targeted therapy as cancer treatments. Immunotherapy involves using the body’s immune system to fight cancer, while targeted therapy involves using drugs that target specific molecules or proteins that are involved in the growth and spread of cancer cells.

Conclusion

NURS6740N Principles and Practice of Oncology I provides a comprehensive overview of cancer and its treatment. By understanding the etiology and epidemiology of cancer, as well as the various types of cancer and their treatment options, healthcare professionals can provide the best possible care for patients with cancer.

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