Scientific Project: Question & Hypothesis
1) Identify a problem or goal regarding personal wellness.
2) Formulate a scientific research question.
3) Create a research hypothesis with appropriate independent and dependent variables.
Project Overview:
For this project, you will apply the principles of the scientific method to a self-experiment based on one of the dimensions of wellness.
Throughout the parts of the scientific project, you must remember to properly cite your references. Each component of the project that you submit should have a corresponding reference list. Please use American Psychological Association citation style for your references. For guidance with APA references, please refer here: https://www.mendeley.com/guides/apa- citation-guide.
Instructions for Question & Hypothesis:
What aspect of health and wellness interests you? Perform some preliminary research and provide background information on a topic of your choice. Background information should paint a picture of what your self-experiment will cover. This information should be gathered from scholarly, scientific research, NOT blog posts or Google searches. Then, develop a research question and hypothesis. Remember, your hypothesis must be a single sentence, simply stated, and have at least 2 definable variables. You must include your references with proper citations throughout your background section. All Project Submissions are Final.
There are three parts to receive full credit for this assignment you must have these three subheadings:
Background information should paint a picture of what your self-experiment will cover. This information should be gathered from scholarly, scientific research, NOT blog posts and Google searches.
You need at least 2 peer-reviewed resources. Make sure to watch Scott Stone’s videos to aid you in finding resources. 2. Question:
Phrase your research question as a question, not a statement.
The topic must clearly relate to a dimension of wellness (if you feel your topic warrants an explanation of how it relates to a dimension of wellness, please provide this here).
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State what you believe you will find after conducting this experiment.
Clearly identify your independent and dependent variables.
If your dependent variable isn’t obviously measurable, please provide a brief explanation as to how your variable will be measured
o for example: ? Body weight is clearly measured by standing on a scale, and is
always represented by a number (either in pounds or kilograms). “I will lose
Do not chose inappropriate topics. Examples that involve drugs, alcohol, excessive weight loss, ingesting any material that would alter your state that could be considered detrimental to your health (increase or decrease heart rate).
Need to choose a measurable outcome that can be compared pre- and post-self-experiment. Make sure to sure quantitative variables and qualitative.
o Reference material for further explanation:
https://www.simplypsychology.org/qualitative-quant…
Here are a few examples
Example 1:
Background information so far has indicated positive growth in resilience and compassion in students of many different health fields, typically involving stress in the pursuit of academics.1,2 The experiment will involve meditating each day, ideally in the morning at a consistent time, and documenting any changes in stress levels throughout several weeks. In order to follow those specific levels, I will use scales such as the Resilience Quotient Test, Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised, and Perceived Stress Scale.2,3
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Through this project, my question and hypothesis will focus on the psychological effects of mindful meditation. The topic of mindful meditation caught my attention because it fits in with the mental aspect of health and wellness, and maybe even spiritual. As someone who struggles with stress and anxiety, this self-experiment may provide positive direction in treatment.
Research Question:
How does meditating each day for 15 minutes affect my resilience and ability to cope with stress measured with Resilience Quotient Test, Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale- Revised, and Perceived Stress Scale ?
Hypothesis:
If I practice mindful meditation for 15 minutes each day, my resilience and ability to cope with stress will increase.
References
Example 2 Background:
Sleep in one of the most important parts of human life, playing major roles in memory formation and maintenance1, as well as more obvious roles in general wakefulness and alertness throughout the next day and as such, understanding factors that can improve or hinder sleep quality is very useful. In recent years sleep quality has been decreasing, and it is theorized that this may be due to the increased use of electronic media before bedtime2. The data around this point is not unified however, with some studies showing increased sleep latency along with reduced next-morning alertness2 and other studies showing no decrease in reported sleep latency and only changes in EEG dynamics3 when comparing reading on an electronic device versus on a physical book before sleep. Further studies have even shown no change in sleep polysomnography when reading a book versus an electronic device in the evening, if this were preceded by exposure to bright light4.
This experiment will explore the effects of electronic media usage before sleep in the context of a male undergraduate student. This context differs from another research in that as a
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college student there is a high amount of exposure to light from digital screens and electronic media throughout evening hours, which may have an effect on overall sleep quality and next day alertness. In order to try to combat the potential adverse effects of this exposure, 30 minutes of electronic media usage just prior to sleep will be replaced with reading a physical book for one week. Sleep quality measurements will be taken through modified PSQI surveys weekly and a National Sleep Foundation Sleep Log.
Research Question:
How does replacing electronic media exposure prior to sleep with reading a physical book will increase sleep quality as measured through the modified PSQI and a sleep log?
Hypothesis:
I hypothesize that replacing electronic media exposure prior to sleep with reading a physical
book will increase sleep quality as measured through the modified PSQI and a sleep log.
Works Cited
Ackermann S, Rasch B. Differential Effects of Non-REM and REM Sleep on Memory Consolidation. Curry Neurol Neurosci Rep 2014; 14(2): 430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-013-0430-8. Published 2014 Jan 07. Accessed 2018 Aug 18.
Chang AM, Aeschbach D, Duffy JF, Czeisler CA. Evening use of light-emitting eReaders negatively affects sleep, circadian timing, and next-morning alertness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015; 112(4): 1232-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25535358. Published 2014 Dec 22. Accessed 2018 Aug 18.
Grønli J, Byrkjedal IK, Bjorvatn B, Nødtvedt Ø, Hamre B, Pallesen S. Reading from an iPad or from a book in bed: the impact on human sleep. A randomized controlled crossover trial. Sleep Med. 2016; 21: 86-92: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term =27448477. Published 2016 Mar 2. Accessed 2018 Aug 13.
Ra?ngtell FH, Ekstrand E, Rapp L, Lagermalm A, Liethof L, Bucaro MO, Lingfors D, Broman JE, Schiotz HB, Benedict C. Two hours of evening reading on a self-luminous tablet vs. reading a physical book does not alter sleep after daytime bright light exposure. Sleep Med. 2016; 23: 111-118: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27539026. Published 2016 Jul 25. Accessed 2018 Aug 13.
Example 3:
Background: Breakfast is usually defined as the most important meal of the day due to its positive health- and school- related effect on students. Consuming breakfast is associated with improved cognitive function, attention, and memory, improved academic scores and attendance and lower body mass index.1 Students who eat breakfast also get along with their peers better than non-breakfast eaters meaning that there are improvements in social interactions.1 Other research shows that there are only short-term effects on individuals who eat breakfast. According to one study, a breakfast-eating high school student’s cognitive performance and mood improved only for a short-term and was not sustained for the whole
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day.2 In my research, I hope to further explore the effects of eating breakfast through a self- experiment.
Research Question: Does breakfast consumption affect my alertness throughout the day? Hypothesis: Eating breakfast every morning will increase my alertness throughout the day which will be measured by using a modified Stanford Alertness Test.
References: